Panduan Lengkap Bahan Halal

Halal

• Lecithin — Typically derived from soybeans or sunflowers. Soy and plant-based lecithin is halal.
• Casein — The primary protein in milk. Halal as a dairy derivative, though processing aids should be verified.
• Lactose — Milk sugar derived from whey. Generally halal as a dairy product.
• Pectin — A plant-derived gelling agent from fruit peels. Halal and a common gelatin alternative.
• Agar-Agar — A plant-based gelatin substitute from seaweed. Halal and widely used in halal cooking.
• Carrageenan — A thickener extracted from red seaweed. Fully halal and plant-based.
• Beeswax — Wax produced by honeybees. Considered halal by most scholars as bee products are permissible.
• Citric Acid — Produced by fermentation of sugars, typically using mold. Plant-based and halal.
• Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C) — Synthetically produced or derived from fruits. Halal with no animal involvement.
• Xanthan Gum — A polysaccharide produced by bacterial fermentation. Plant-based and halal.

Haram

• Carmine — Carmine (E120) is a red dye derived from crushed cochineal insects. Most scholars consider it haram as insects are not permissible to consume.
• Alcohol (Ethanol) — Ethanol used as a beverage ingredient is unanimously haram. Its use as a processing aid or in trace amounts is debated among scholars.
• Pepsin — A digestive enzyme derived from pig stomachs. Almost always haram.
• Lard — Fat rendered from pigs. Unanimously haram in all Islamic jurisprudence.
• Pork Gelatin — Gelatin specifically derived from pig skin and bones. Unanimously considered haram by all scholars.
• Pepsin — A digestive enzyme primarily sourced from pig stomach lining. Considered haram.
• Cochineal — An insect-derived red dye, same as carmine (E120). Considered haram by majority of scholars.

Syubhah

• Gelatin — Gelatin is a protein derived from collagen found in animal bones, skin, and connective tissues. Its halal status depends entirely on the animal source and slaughter method.
• Whey — Whey is a dairy by-product from cheese-making. While dairy itself is halal, whey's status depends on the rennet used in cheese production.
• Mono and Diglycerides — Emulsifiers that may be derived from animal or plant fats. Halal status depends on source.
• L-Cysteine — An amino acid sometimes derived from human hair or duck feathers. Source determines halal status.
• Glycerin (Glycerol) — A sweetener and moistener that can be derived from animal fat or vegetable oil. Source is critical.
• Rennet — An enzyme used in cheese-making. Animal rennet requires halal slaughter; microbial rennet is halal.
• Shortening — A fat used in baking. May contain lard (pork fat) or vegetable oils. Verify source.
• Stearic Acid — A fatty acid that can come from animal or vegetable sources. Check source for halal status.
• Tallow — Rendered fat from cattle or sheep. Halal if from zabiha-slaughtered animals.
• Vanilla Extract — Contains 35%+ alcohol as solvent. Many scholars consider it mushbooh; halal vanilla flavoring is available.